Nematode (C. elegans) — 50 μM, improved locomotory activity (body bends) in elderly worms. Also, the same concertation decreases the accumulation of alpha-synuclein in a C. elegans Parkinson's disease model strain (NL5901). Moreover, it protects dopaminergic neurons from 6-OHDA-induced damage [78].Fly (D. melanogaster) — Increases fertility (egg laying) in elderly females (3.6 fold), but a negligible effect on the motility of the flies [79]. This evidence concerns the gene SNCA and Parkinson disease.