NPPB and cardiac hypertrophy: Several indicators are commonly used to assess cardiac hypertrophy, including the ratio of heart weight to tibia length (HW/TL), the ratio of heart-to-body weight (HW/BW), LVPW;d, myocyte cross-sectional area, as well as levels of atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) and brain natriuretic peptide (BNP).