These morphological abnormalities have been reported in ASD mouse models — including C58/J (idiopathic autism), SHANK3 mutants (genetic factors) and Mecp2-null (Rett Syndrome) — as well as in humans with ASD (children and adults) (Chen et al., 2001; Frazier and Hardan, 2009; Wang et al., 2013; Ellegood and Crawley, 2015; Wegiel et al., 2015; Vitrac et al., 2020; Baron-Mendoza et al., 2021). Here, SHANK3 is linked to Rett syndrome.