Additionally, several SNPs in genes encoding cytokines and chemokines and their receptors are important in HIV infection and associated with inflammatory INR status, such as IFNγ rs2430561, IL19 rs2243191, CXCL12 (SDF-1) rs1801157, MCP-1 (CCR2) rs1799864_814, and fractalkine (CX3CR1) rs373278_814 and rs3732379. CCR2 rs1799864-AG and CXCL12 rs1801157-TT genotypes are considered prognostic markers of poor immunological recovery, whereas the CX3CR1 249I polymorphism is related to earlier immune failure (Table 1) (32–34, 60). Here, CCR2 is linked to HIV infectious disease.