Gene expression changes through treatment, identified by linear mixed models, showed some consistency across TB groups, with the South African cohort exhibiting downregulation of GBP5, GBP1 and IFITM3 (Figure 7B) and the Indonesian cohort showing downregulation of GBP5 and IFITM3 and upregulation of GNLY (Figure S6B) from diagnosis to 6 months. This evidence concerns the gene GBP5 and tuberculosis.