LCN2 and obesity due to melanocortin 4 receptor deficiency: In human and mouse studies, adipocyte Lcn2 expression and/or circulating Lcn2 levels correlated with obesity, insulin resistance, inflammation, and early PDAC development (Wang et al, 2007; Yan et al, 2007; Moniaux et al, 2008; Catalán et al, 2009; Auguet et al, 2011).