INS and Insulin resistance: De Vadder et al. demonstrated that elevated P. copri abundance is associated with improvements in glucose metabolism and insulin sensitivity due to the production of succinate,25 while a study by Pedersen et al. suggested that P. copri abundance is associated with insulin resistance, presumably due to increased branched-chain amino acids (BCAA) biosynthesis.26 These conflicting findings may be related to the dietary patterns of our participants, which are further discussed.