RB1 and Down syndrome: A recent study showed that Down syndrome-associated dual-specificity tyrosine-(Y)-phosphorylation-regulated kinase 1A (DYRK1A), which acts as a negative regulator of hypertrophy in cardiomyocytes, negatively regulated the D-cyclin-mediated RB/E2f-signaling and eventually led to the occurrence of cardiomyopathy [29].