Quantification of IHC results revealed that positive cytoplasmic staining of ALDH1 was significantly higher in grade III (n = 12, p < 0.05), grade IV GBM (n = 12, p < 0.0001) compared with that of normal brain tissue (n = 10) (Fig. 7D left); positive nuclear staining of ALDH1 in grade IV GBM (p < 0.01) was significantly higher than that of normal brain tissue (Fig. 7D right). The gene discussed is ALDH1A1; the disease is glioblastoma.