Another study by Feng Wu et al. demonstrated that exosomes obtained from bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid of both smokers and NSCLC patients contained higher levels of certain proteins, such as human leukocyte antigens -class I (HLA-class I), B melanoma antigen (BAGE), PD-L1, and annexin-A2, compared to healthy individuals [165]. The gene discussed is CD274; the disease is non-small cell lung carcinoma.