ChAT-expressing Tconv cells induced in HCC are primarily PD-1+ T cells (Fig. 3e,f) that coexpress inhibitory immunoreceptors, such as Tim-3 (Havcr2), Lag-3, CTLA-4 and other molecules characteristic of T cell exhaustion and dysfunction (Fig. 2f). This evidence concerns the gene PDCD1 and hepatocellular carcinoma.