TGFB1 and chronic kidney disease: In our present study, the higher dose of P234 increased the expression of inflammatory (Tnf), fibrotic (Ctgf, Tgfb, and Col3a1), heart failure (Nppa), and cardiac remodeling-associated (Mmp9) genes compared to the CKD-only group, supporting our echocardiographic and histology results.