In subgroup analyses (not pre-specified) excluding men with hypertension, diabetes, CVD, cancer, COPD, on lipid-lowering medications or with serum creatinine >150 μmol/L, the decline in testosterone in men >70 years was attenuated, while the increase in LH in men >70 years was unchanged (Supplementary Results, Supplementary Figs. S20, S21). Here, PLOD1 is linked to chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.