TGFB1 and cancer: Previous studies have shown that ALKBH5 could inhibit tumor growth and metastasis in lung cancer via regulating Yes-associated protein (YAP), P53, and transforming growth factor (TGFβ)/Smad signaling pathways.40–42 However, other studies reported that ALKBH5 may promote the proliferation and metastasis of different types of cancer, including lung cancer via FOXM1 mRNA demethylation, which improves its stability.19,43,44 Collectively, these studies have suggested that ALKBH5 may modulate growth and metastasis through multiple mechanisms, depending on cellular context.