Although BRCA1 has functions in the cytoplasm, including maintaining centrosome function in dividing cells and regulating apoptotic signalling (Deng and Brodie, 2000; Fabbro et al., 2004; Jiang et al., 2011), its dysregulation in various neurodegenerative diseases (Noristani et al., 2015; Suberbielle et al., 2015; Kurihara et al., 2020) where BRCA1 is translocated to the cytoplasm suggests that excessive mislocalization of BRCA1 may contribute to brain dysfunction. The gene discussed is BRCA1; the disease is neurodegenerative disease.