In addition to COX-2 involvement in AD, there is strong evidence from preclinical and postmortem studies to indicate that COX-1 also has a role in AD (Cui et al., 2004), in both early and later stages of AD, COX-1 Immunostaining obtained from both AD and control brain tissue found that microglia express COX-1 in AD and control brains (Biringer, 2019, Yermakova et al., 1999). Here, PTGS2 is linked to Alzheimer disease.