HLA-DQA1 and type 1 diabetes mellitus: When comparing the significantly associated alleles identified in our study within the HLA-DRB1, HLA-DQA1, and HLA-DQB1 genes with other Arab populations (non-Kuwaitis) and Caucasians with T1D, we found that most of our findings agree with those of previous studies (40; 7, 9).