HRAS and neoplasm: CNV and MLPA analyses performed on the tumor tissue, however, indicated the occurrence of additional entire chromosome 11 gain(s) (Figure 3C and Figure 4B), which had not previously been observed (Hafner et al., 2011; Parham and Barr, 2013; Avitan-Hersh et al., 2014; Li et al., 2014; Farschtschi et al., 2015; Om et al., 2017; Gadea et al., 2020), further indicating a role of a dosage effect for the mutated HRAS allele in tumorigenesis.