PLCZ1 and male infertility: Recent researches found novel sperm-related oocyte activators, which showed that the ACTL7A/PLCZ1 mutation and DPY19 deletion decreased the expression of functional PLCζ, resulting in acrosomal detachment and oocyte activation failure associated with male infertility, and ICSI-AOA could rescue TFF in individuals with the ACTL7A/PLCZ1/DPY19 pathogenic variants (9, 25, 26).