In the bovine UC cohort, all cases had mutations in CSMD3, LRP1B, and ROS1. Interestingly, cow BTAUD0031 had two independent primary UC lesions (BTAUD0031a and BTAUD0031c) and the only mutation they shared was in the putative tumor suppressor LRP1B (p.S2686P), implicating this as a driver mutation in the tumors from this cow. This evidence concerns the gene CSMD3 and neoplasm.