REN and chronic kidney disease: Inclusion: T2D and/or CKD (eGFRs of >30 mL/min/1.73 m2 in patients with CKD and 30-60 mL/min/1.73 m2 in patients without CKD), receiving evidence-based therapy for heart failure for ≥3 months, and LVEF of ≤40% in past 12 months. Exclusion: Patients receiving spironolactone, eplerenone, renin inhibitors, or potassium-sparing diuretics who were unable to discontinue them for the study period.