US+CA and US+CA+aPD-1 substantially inhibited tumour growth compared to untreated controls. These two groups had significantly more CD44+CD8+ cells compared to untreated tumours, but the difference was greater for the US+CA+aPD-1 group. There were significantly more granzyme B and IFN-γ-secreting CD8+ T cells in the combination therapy group and the US+CA group compared to the untreated group. They also reported TAA release and DAMP release in vitro when RM-1 cells were treated with US+CA compared to the untreated, US-only, and CA-only groups. Here, CD44 is linked to neoplasm.