Similarly, it has been shown that human DPSCs express a neuronal phenotype and produce neurotrophic factors and bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP-2), whereby human DPSC treatment significantly increases cell viability and reduces apoptosis in an in vitro AD cell model, with the morphological appearance of neurons restored by elongated dendrites, microfilaments, and dense, well-organized fibrils [136]. Here, BMP2 is linked to Alzheimer disease.