A topical application of a peptide inhibitor of TGFβ1 (P144) in a mouse model of systemic sclerosis revealed the remarkable suppression of connective tissue growth factor expression in fibroblast SMAD2/3 phosphorylation, and α-smooth muscle actin positive myofibroblast development [17]. The gene discussed is TGFB1; the disease is systemic sclerosis.