Incubation with nanomolar concentrations of PMU for up to 6 h increased the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α and IL-1B) in cultured human renal cells (Hek 293) and in murine microglia (BV-2) and induced the production of reactive oxygen species in Hek 293 and SH-SY5Y (human neuroblastoma) cells [13]. The gene discussed is TNF; the disease is neuroblastoma.