IGHE and bronchiectasis: While there are variations between criteria, all include clinical deterioration, biochemical markers of hypersensitivity to Af (elevated total and specific-Af IgE, immediate cutaneous response to skin prick test, serum IgG or precipitating antibodies to Af) and evidence of structural disease consistent with ABPA (e.g., chest radiograph with infiltrates, mucus plugging or bronchiectasis).