EcN CFS also triggered relatively low levels of anti-inflammatory cytokines (IL-4, IL-5 and IL-10) and cytokines with dual inflammatory characteristics (IL-6 and IL-13) [41], indicating that EcN CFSs were more proinflammatory than anti-inflammatory in this context. The gene discussed is IL13; the disease is myalgic encephalomeyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome.