VEGFB and Encephalopathy: Resveratrol also improves sepsis-associated encephalopathy by inhibiting the expression of the nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain, leucine-rich repeat, NOD-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3), and interleukin-1β (IL-1β) [20] and can activate vascular endothelial growth factor-B (VEGF-B) expression and inhibit the NF-κB pathway to alleviate sepsis-induced acute lung injury [21].