Show phenotypes similar with SHORT syndrome [55]. Are insulin resistant, glucose intolerant, and hyperinsulinemic in fed and fasted states [55]. Have impaired insulin secretion and GLP-1 action [55]. Reduced insulin-stimulated IRS-1 tyrosine phosphorylation and AKT phosphorylation [55]. On an HFD, have lower adiposity but are more hyperglycemic and insulin resistant [55]. Here, INS is linked to SHORT syndrome.