Recently, the use of E3330 inhibitors in pancreatic cancer has been shown to promote tumor growth reduction [33] and also, in A549 cells and bladder cancer, E3330 treatment has been demonstrated to be effective in attenuating cellular proliferation [24,37], as well as Ref-1 shRNA in A549 cells [24]. The gene discussed is APEX1; the disease is familial pancreatic carcinoma.