Other researchers have sought to assess the predictive and prognostic power of NLR and of platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), as well as the dynamics of these biomarkers before/during/after treatment with programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) inhibitors as second-line treatment for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Here, CD274 is linked to non-small cell lung carcinoma.