This phenomenon leads to downstream signaling, Hypoxia Inducible Factor 1A (HIF1A) stabilization and transcription of the anti-angiogenic factors soluble fms-like tyrosine kinase 1 (sFLT1) and soluble endoglin (sEng), which are known to cause endothelial and trophoblast dysfunction and cardinal features of PE: hypertension, proteinuria and, in severe cases, eclampsia. Here, ENG is linked to hypertensive disorder.