These effects are achieved through various mechanisms, such as antioxidative and anti-inflammatory activities, elevation in high-density lipoprotein (HDL) levels, reduction in free fatty acids, suppression of enzymes like HMG-CoA reductase and CYP7A1, modulation of SREBP1, promotion of bile acid secretion, and lowering of TC, TG, VLDL, and LDL levels, which may contribute to weight loss and obesity risk [16]. Here, HMGCR is linked to obesity due to melanocortin 4 receptor deficiency.