A prospective cohort study not included in the meta-analysis by Gharamti et al. including 242 patients with sepsis due to necrotizing soft tissue infection found significantly higher baseline values of TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6 (interleukin-6), and G-CSF (granulocyte colony-stimulating factor) in patients presenting with shock, compared to non-shock patients [23]. The gene discussed is CSF3; the disease is Sepsis.