Studies have shown that arctigenin (ARC), a phenylpropanoid dibenzylbutyrolactone lignan derived from Arctium lappa L, protects against cerebral ischemia injury in rats by inhibiting NLRP3 inflammasome activation and lowering the levels of inflammatory factors IL-1β and IL-18 by activating SIRT1 signaling in the brain [181]. The gene discussed is SIRT1; the disease is brain ischemia.