Subcutaneous mouse xenograft tumour model with intra-tumoural OV injection in humanised PD-1 transgenic mice:Survival: prolonged survival compared to untreated; improved tumour-free survival compared to parental OV and untreatedDisease control: significantly decreased tumour growth compared to untreated; successful tumour rejection following rechallengeImmune response: increased systemic percentages of CD4+, CD8+ and CD3+ T cells and significant increase in T cell activation markers compared to parental OV and untreated; significant reduction in Tregs and MDSCs compared to untreated. This evidence concerns the gene PDCD1 and neoplasm.