Pei et al. administered fraxinellone, a TGF-β signaling regulator, in CGKRK-modified nanoparticles (Frax-NP-CGKRK) to evaluate tumor inhibition and found that fraxinellone nanoparticles regulated the TGF-β signaling pathway and were involved in the inactivation of CAFs and M2 macrophage polarization. The gene discussed is TGFB1; the disease is neoplasm.