SMAD4 and posterior cortical atrophy: Huang et al. [132] demonstrated that overexpression of miR-582-3p and miR-582-5p reduces the bone metastatic osteolytic area via downregulation of SMAD2, SMAD4, TGF-β type I receptor (TGFβRI), and TGF-β type II receptor (TGFβRII) in PCa tissues.