IL-17 family members and a granulocyte–macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), the Th17 signature cytokines, have a pathological role in the demyelination of the central nervous system (CNS) in multiple sclerosis (MS) [10], and these cells are considered pathological in CIDP as well [11]. The gene discussed is CSF2; the disease is chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy.