Assessment of APP levels at diagnosis in the serum of cats with mammary carcinoma (n = 50) versus clinically healthy controls (n = 12) suggested that the development of spontaneous FMC is associated with an APP response and oxidative stress given that significant changes in APPs, including SAA and haptoglobin (Hp), were found in diseased cats compared with controls [42]. This evidence concerns the gene HP and breast carcinoma.