The human RNASET2 gene (previously known as RNASE6PL) was identified in 1997 [88], in the frame of a positional cloning strategy aimed at identifying putative tumor suppressor genes from chromosome 6q27, a region long known to undergo frequent rearrangements such as deletions and translocations in a wide range of human cancers [89,90,91,92,93,94]. The gene discussed is RNASET2; the disease is cancer.