This cohort study compares the risk of recurrent gout flares and all-cause mortality between patients with gout and type 2 diabetes who initiate treatment with sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors and those who initiate treatment with glucagonlike peptide-1 receptor agonists or dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors. The gene discussed is DPP4; the disease is type 2 diabetes mellitus.