CD4 and tuberculosis: The male gender, being younger in age, and having poor ART adherence, low CD4 count, opportunistic infections, WHO clinical stage III/IV, a history of substance use, ART regimen type, active co-infection with tuberculosis (TB), not using cotrimoxazole prevention, a lack of awareness of the benefits of viral suppression, ART-induced side effects, pretreatment drug resistance, and a high baseline VL are some of the risk factors reported so far [6,14,15,16,17,18,19,20].