HLA-DQA1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus: In this study, Mark McCarthy, using the 1000 Genomes multiethnic reference panel, conducted a GWAS analysis on 26,676 T2D patients and 132,532 control European individuals to detect 13 novel T2D-associated loci (p < 5 × 10−8) near the glucagon like peptide 2 receptor (GLP2R), gastric inhibitory polypeptide (GIP), and human leukocyte antigen (HLA-DQA1) genes [82].