A much higher TGF-β expression was found in acquired cholesteatomas in the children’s population, where the mean TGF-β OD was about 79.08 ± 3.44 and 163.22 ± 9.40 in the matrix and peri-matrix, respectively (Figure 3(B2,C2)). The gene discussed is TGFB1; the disease is cholesteatoma.