The mRNA expression levels of CD74, COL1A1, CCND1, COL5A1, SERPINH1, FOS, and JUNB were obviously upregulated, whereas those of TXNRD1, BCL6, and ITGA10 were evidently downregulated in AS and AI aortic valves relative to the normal controls (Figures 6A,B). This evidence concerns the gene FOS and aortic stenosis.