ALB and chronic kidney disease: In 2017, a retrospective 12 month audit in the Western Cape, of urine albumin/creatinine ratio and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) (CKD EPI – ml/min/1.73m2) pathology results (n = 1700) indicated a prevalence rate of severely increased albuminuria and/or stage 3 or higher CKD of 2.6% (212 people) out of a total population of 8102 [8].