The prevalence and the phenotypic and histological characteristics of B-ALL were similar in animals treated with poly(I:C) and untreated Pax5+/−mice, while 25% (8 out of 31) of treated Pax5+/− mice developed B-ALL and died from the disease (p = 0.7930) (Fig. 6c, and Supplementary Fig. S28, S29). This evidence concerns the gene PAX5 and precursor B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia.