TNF and irritable bowel syndrome: A previous study on the alleviation of DSS‐induced colitis by CGA reported that CGA can downregulate the levels of the proinflammatory factors IL‐1β and TNF‐α and inhibit colonic infiltration of inflammatory cells, such as neutrophils.[32] Moreover, therapeutic rectal CGA administration significantly reduced intestinal permeability in PI‐IBS rats.