Notably, the FAO-related genes that were enriched in their persister cells (total of 26 genes) also included 11 mitochondria-specific enzymes and PPARGC1A (encoding PGC1α) (8), a key regulator of mitochondria-dependent metabolic rewiring that functions predominately in a distinct MITFhi/pigmented melanoma persister cell state (Figure 4A) (6, 19, 52, 53). This evidence concerns the gene PPARGC1A and melanoma.